Critical Review of: Cancer. In L. Hass (Ed.), The Handbook of Primary Care Psychology (pp.255-262). United States: Oxford University Press.
Tibbs, & Tarr. introduce us to the topic of Psychological issues in cancer: What patients and families encounter throughout the process. Tibbs, & Tarr. argue that this question is important At the time of diagnosis and during treatment, After treatment and during survivorship, Facing recurrence and terminal illness, Family Dynamics, Coping with cancer, how psychologists can help patients, Address existential issues, Manage symptoms, Empower Patients, Enhance support, Collaborative care arrangements, communications and expectations, avoiding common mistakes, remain neutral and objective, respect the power of hope, allowing for a range of emotional expression, the role of positive thinking, when to refer. 0
Throughout the 7 page article Tibbs, & Tarr., Touch on the following topics, Typically psychological distress occurs at the time of diagnosis, cancer survivors have higher levels of depression and anxiety as compared to the normal population, however lower levels then those of psychiatric patients. Physical changes, bodily functioning, and introduction of pain and fatigue can affect quality of life and wellbeing.
Three stages of survival 1) diagnosis to 1 year, 2) from 1-3 years, 3) post 3 years. The more time passes generally the better the outcomes. Additionally survivors may report a better quality of life afterwards due to changed priorities.
Recurrance of illness causes intense emotional reactions from guilt to optimism to pessimism, the way the client reacted to the first diagnosis is key at this stage. Cancer can cause a change in the family system with roles changing and increased or decreased responsibilities.
Research shows that dealing with cancer in an active direct way leads to better outcomes. A diagnosis of cancer can lead to existential questioning and meaning making in clients. Relaxation, anti anxiety and stress skills are toaught to patients as well as any specific measures related to physical ailments. Clients can be empowered to make decisions in their own treatment.
Factors to be aware of, your own feelings about death and dying, remain neutral, respect the power of hope, allow for a range of emotional expression, consider the role of positive thinking. Be sensitive and empathetic.